Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating balance and coordination?

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that is primarily responsible for regulating balance and coordination. It is located at the back of the brain and is involved in various functions related to motor control. The cerebellum receives input from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to fine-tune body movements. By integrating this information, it helps maintain posture, balance, and smooth and precise movements.

In contrast, the cerebrum is associated more with higher brain functions such as thinking, learning, and voluntary movement rather than coordination and balance. The brainstem plays an essential role in regulating basic life functions like breathing and heart rate but is not specifically focused on balance. Lastly, the hippocampus is crucial for memory formation and spatial navigation, rather than direct involvement in coordination or balance.