Which condition results from a deficiency of vitamin C?

Scurvy is a condition that arises from a deficiency of vitamin C, which is crucial for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that helps maintain the integrity of connective tissue, skin, and blood vessels. Without adequate vitamin C, the body cannot effectively produce or repair collagen, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, and bruising. This condition historically impacted sailors and others who had limited access to fresh fruits and vegetables, which are primary sources of vitamin C.

In contrast, rickets is associated with a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, leading to weakened bones in children. Anemia is commonly caused by a lack of iron or certain vitamins, primarily vitamin B12 or folate, affecting the body's ability to produce red blood cells. Pellagra is linked to a deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3) and is characterized by the three D's: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Each of these conditions is distinct and associated with different vitamins or nutrients, clearly differentiating scurvy as the one specifically caused by a lack of vitamin C.