What is the name of the process that leads to the formation of blood cells?

Hematopoiesis is the correct term for the process that leads to the formation of blood cells. This complex biological process takes place primarily in the bone marrow, where multipotent stem cells differentiate into various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It enables the body to produce a sufficient quantity of blood cells to maintain healthy physiological functions, such as oxygen transport, immune response, and clotting.

The other terms listed refer to different biological processes. Osteogenesis specifically relates to the formation of bone, not blood cells. Myelination involves the development of myelin sheaths around nerve fibers, essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system, while neurogenesis refers to the process of generating new neurons in the brain. These processes are vital for their respective systems, but they do not pertain to blood cell formation.